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. | | | | | | | | Justified violence to power | |
. | Greco-Roman Pantheism | | supernatual and philosophy | Pantheism | | objectivism | metaphysical | | |
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. | Medieval Christianity | | supernatural | God's Plan | | objectivism | metaphysical | | |
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. | Thomism, Renaissance, Modernity | | reason from nature | human autonomy | | objectivism | Original Sin | | |
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. | Enlightenment: Classical Liberalism or Libertarianism | | reason | individual | capitalism | objectivism | Limited government, mutual beneficial interaction | | |
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. | Counter-Enlightenment | | anti-realism | collectivism | anti-capitalism, egalitarianism | linguistic social subjectivism | Dialectic: change and growth through conflict and struggle | | |
. | | | Middle East | | | | | | | |
. | Rousseau, Kant, Hegel, Schopenhauer, Nietzsche, Fichte, Kierkegaard, Schleiermacher | | | | | | | Various Oppressor vs. Oppressed 'narratives' | X | |
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. | Heidegger - National Socialism (Nazism) or Socialism of the Right (ethnic) | Nationalism, Panarabism | anti-realism | collectivism | anti-capitalism | subjectivism | Oppressor vs. Oppressed (ethnic - Volk) | X | |
. | Marx, Engels, Lenin - Communism or Socialism of the Left (international) | Baathism | anti-realism | collectivism | socialism | subjectivism | Oppressor vs. Oppressed (class) | X | |
. | | Islamism | anti-realism | collectivism | socialism | subjectivism | Oppressor vs. Oppressed (religion) | X | |
. | Left Liberalism/Social Democracy | | anti-realism | collectivism | socialism | subjectivism | Oppressor vs. Oppressed (minorities) | right of demonstration, strike | |
. | Environmentalism | | anti-realism | collectivism | socialism | subjectivism | Oppressor vs. Oppressed (reason (science and technology) vs. natural state) | X | |
. | Multiculturalism: Cultural Marxism | | anti-realism | collectivism | socialism | subjectivism | Oppressor vs. Oppressed (culture, race, nation-state) | X | |
. | Transnational Progressivism | | anti-realism | collectivism | socialism | subjectivism | Oppressor vs. Oppressed (nation-state, national sovereignty, autonomy) | X | |