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DescriptionQuantityUnitsSource

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Electricity Net Generations 2005 (less pumped storage)4,050,000,000,000kWhhttp://www.eia.doe.gov/cneaf/electricity/epa/epat1p1.html

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Average use per hour477,000,000kWh

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Wind kWh 200631,000,000,000kWhhttp://www.awea.org/newsroom/releases/Wind_Power_Capacity_012307.html

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Wind Nameplate capacity 200611,603,000KWhttp://www.awea.org/newsroom/releases/Wind_Power_Capacity_012307.html

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Percent nameplate capacity the above two numbers translate into30.5%

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Wind KW to produce this at above capacity1,517,630,479KW

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New Wind Capacity 20062,454,000KWhttp://www.awea.org/newsroom/releases/Wind_Power_Capacity_012307.html

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Investment to produce this capacity$4,000,000,000dollarshttp://www.awea.org/newsroom/releases/Wind_Power_Capacity_012307.html

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Cost per KW$1,630dollars

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However - this represents a range from 1300-1700 per KW. The combination of increased economies of scale , increased bargaining due to bulk purchases ought to let us keep prices at low end of this.$1,300doolarshttp://www.bpa.gov/Energy/N/projects/post2006conservation/doc/Windpower_Cost_Review.doc

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Cost to produce same kWh as 2005 (not including storage)$1,972,919,623,329dollars

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Include additional generating capacity to cover storage losses if 1/3rd power produced is stored in pumped hydro (80% round trip loss)$2,137,329,591,940dollars

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Include additional generating capacity to cover additional transmission losses averaging 10%$2,351,062,551,134

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Pumped Storage Cost per kWh of Capacity$10dollarshttp://infoserve.sandia.gov/sand_doc/2001/010765.pdf

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With many interconnected wind farms hundreds or thousands of kilometers apart maximum number of hours storage required to ensure 96% firm capacity (existing hydro can provide other 4%)12hourshttp://www.udel.edu/V2G/docs/KemptonDhanju06-V2G-Wind.pdf

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Total kWh storage needed (average kWh per hour *1.5 to allow for most usage being during waking hours)8,590,000,000kWh

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Total capital cost of storage$85,904,406,780dollars

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Cost for 2,000 kilometer UHDVC lines 500 KV$1,000,000,000dollarshttp://uaelp.pennnet.com/display_article/281953/22/ARTCL/none/none/High-voltage-Technology-Taken-to-the-Max/

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Kilometers of HVDC lines to connect U.S. A.C "islands" into a single super-grid100,000kilometersEstimate from most electicity currently wheeled less than 400 miles

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total cost at half a billion per kilometer$50,000,000,000dollars

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Total capital costs including storage and transmission to produce 100% of 2005 electricity consumption from wind and existing hydro.$2,486,966,957,913

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U.S. can still borrow money on the long bond at under 4.9%http://www.ustreas.gov/offices/domestic-finance/debt-management/interest-rate/yield.html

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Assume quarterly payments at 4.9% rate$48,944,428,789dollars

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Annual cost of quarterly payments$195,777,715,154dollars

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Current total U.S cost of electricity$298,000,300,000dollarshttp://www.eia.doe.gov/cneaf/electricity/epa/epat7p3.html

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Generation Represents 66% of total electricity costshttp://electricityiq.com/electricity101.php#1

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Total electricity generation costs this would replace$196,680,198,000

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